Infrasound Technology Workshop 2024 (ITW2024)

Contribution List

186. Opening Ceremony

11/4/24, 9:30 AM

Opening Ceremony

Speakers:
1. Directors of IDC/IMS(TBC)
2. SA Section Chief, Ms Megan Slinkard

136. Improvements made and proposed with a focus on the upcoming recapitalization of I02AR

11/4/24, 10:10 AM

PTS Infrasound Technology Projects

oral

PTS Infrasound Technology Projects

The I02AR infrasound station located in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina celebrates 20 years since its certification. Over the years the I02AR has undergone two complete rebuilds and this year begins the first part of the third. The aim of this presentation is to show to the Infrasound community the implications of climatic and environmental conditions on engineering that have arisen throughout...

184. Exploiting the outcomes of recent research in metrology for the benefit of the IMS.

11/4/24, 11:30 AM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

The EURAMET Infra-AUV project ended in Dec-2023 and made significant progress on laboratory-based metrology for the calibration and traceability of seismic and infrasound sensors, and conducted several field studies providing new insights for on-site calibration. These advances in metrology are now ready to be exploited for maximum advantage at CTBTO. Perhaps the most significant of the recent...

165. Infrasound uncertainty propagation: ensuring traceability from the laboratory to the field

11/4/24, 11:55 AM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

Confidence in the quality of infrasound measurements is at the heart of the operational requirements linked to the detection and assessment of geophysical and industrial events. The entire measurement process, from laboratory calibration to the field, must be considered to estimate the confidence level of the measurement through the associated uncertainty. As part of the European Infra-AUV...

156. Wind Noise Reduction System Impacts on Sensor Cavity Temperature

11/4/24, 1:45 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

Earlier studies into the impacts of environmental variables on infrasound sensors have demonstrated that the frequency response can be susceptible to temperature changes. Infrasound stations are typically configured to prioritize thermal stability, either by installation in an underground vault or the use of an insulated enclosure, and the air temperature around the sensor can be monitored. ...

153. Assessing the Effects on Response of Infrasound Sensors Deployed in Harsh Desert Environments

11/4/24, 2:10 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

We recently conducted a limited frequency response calibration of 43 Hyperion 3000 and 5000 series infrasound sensors. These sensors have been utilized in a number of temporary deployments in the high desert of the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. The sensors were not installed in a manner consistent with an IMS station installation; rather these...

119. Infrasound Sensor Performance at Extreme Temperatures and Low Frequencies

11/4/24, 2:35 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

Earlier evaluations of infrasound sensor performance have shown that frequency response can be impacted by environmental conditions, including both temperature and barometric pressure, with calibrations performed in laboratory and field environments. These laboratory evaluations were limited to temperatures as cold as -20 C and from 0.1 to 10 Hz. Since then, investigations into frequency...

173. Large-chamber primary calibration for microbarometers

11/4/24, 3:30 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

In previous work, the National Center for Physical Acoustics at the University of Mississippi designed and built a large chamber for secondary (referenced) calibration of microbarometers. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) then refined and implemented this chamber at their Facility for Acceptance, Calibration, and Testing (FACT) site. This large (1400 L) steel chamber incorporates two moving...

183. Establishing traceability for Infrasound: Calibration Innovations and Inter-Laboratory Comparisons from the INFRA-AUV Project

11/4/24, 3:55 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

For any physical measurement to be meaningful, it must ultimately be traceable to an absolute realization of the parameter, or primary standard. Waveform measurements are no exception , in particular the infrasound. However, until recently, no primary standards existed for infrasound at the frequencies of interest to the IMS. The INFRA-AUV project aimed to develop both primary and secondary...

177. Is calibration really worth the effort?

11/4/24, 4:20 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

Measurement Systems

The calibration of IMS infrasound sensors has been the subject of intense research in recent years, but are the benefits really worth all the effort? From an accuracy perspective alone, it is difficult to argue the case for calibration. However, the question is intentionally provocative, as the rationale for calibration is not only about accuracy. For traceable calibration, the unbroken link...

159. Infrasound Arrivals in the International Data Centre Bulletins: Reviewing 14 Years of Results and Celerity-Range Model Changes

11/5/24, 9:30 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

Following recent analysis of infrasound signals generated by the 2018-Dec-18 Bering Sea bolide, it became apparent that the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organisation (CTBTO), International Data Centre (IDC), Reviewed Event Bulletin (REB) observed celerity for the closest station (~1200 km distance) was outside the bounds of the Brachet et al. (2010) model. Using the signal arrival...

134. Machine learning categorization of infrasound detections across the Central and Eastern European Infrasound Network

11/5/24, 9:55 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

The Central and Eastern European Infrasound Network (CEEIN) has been operational since 2019 as a collaboration of Czech, Austrian, Hungarian, Ukrainian and Romanian research institutes. For this study five infrasound arrays were selected from the CEEIN. Over 70,000 detections were processed by the Progressive Multi Channel Correlation method and classified manually afterwards using ground...

185. A Seiscomp pipeline for seismo-acoustic events

11/5/24, 10:50 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

The department of Seismology and Acoustics (RDSA) at the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) monitors seismic and acoustic activity in the Netherlands with a dense network of seismometers and infrasound sensors. A important motivation for measuring infrasound in the Netherlands is to discriminate between vibrations originating from the solid earth, e.g. earthquakes, and from the...

154. Signal arrival databases for Ground Truth infrasound events

11/5/24, 11:15 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

Seismo-acoustic waveform model development serves to improve both precision and accuracy in event characterization estimates through the application of more robust travel time models for infrasound signal propagation. Development requires the ability to validate models with real data against meaningful metrics. Comparisons across a suite of ground truth (GT) events provides the ability to...

170. Infrasound signals generated by production blasts in a nearby quarry

11/5/24, 11:40 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

The infrasound array ISCO was installed 2021 on the grounds of the Conrad-Observatory in Austria. Since 2022, a large number of signals caused by production blasting in a nearby quarry have been recorded and analysed. The aim of this study is to reveal source and Green's function of the observed signals. We start from the hypothesis that the interaction of the rock masses with the atmosphere...

163. Studying infrasound propagation in the middle atmosphere with ICON and UA-ICON: comparison with the IFS and ground-based remote sensing

11/5/24, 1:30 PM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

Infrasound signals are used to monitor various anthropogenic and natural sources. To determine accurate source locations and energy, an accurate model of wind and temperature from the surface up to the lower thermosphere is necessary, hence operational NWP products are of great importance for routine infrasound monitoring activities. However, many of these models focus on tropospheric...

164. Deep learning surrogate model for near real-time estimation of ground-level infrasound transmission losses

11/5/24, 1:55 PM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

Accurate modeling of infrasound transmission losses (TLs) is essential to assess the performance of the global International Monitoring System infrasound network. Among existing propagation modeling tools, parabolic equation method (PE) enables TLs to be finely modeled, but its computational cost does not allow exploration of a large parameter space for operational monitoring...

167. Construction of statistical models for infrasonic propagation: application to the detection capability of the IMS network.

11/5/24, 2:20 PM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

The detection capability of the International Monitoring System (IMS) deployed to monitor compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test ban Treaty (CTBT) is highly variable in space and time. Previous studies estimated the source energy from remote observations using empirical yield-scaling relations. However, these relations simplified the complexities of infrasound propagation as the wind...

107. The Importance Placement of Infrasound Sensor In Indonesia (Monitoring of Potential Tsunami Non Tectonic)

11/5/24, 3:00 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Indonesia is considered one of the zones prone to earthquakes and tsunamis due to its position in the boundary of 3 major tectonic plates, Indian-Australian, Eurasian, and Pacific. Currently, Indonesia has about 1,568 locations for seismic monitoring instruments, and it is supported by several tsunami monitoring. The instruments consist of 511 seismographs, 669 accelerographs, 400 intensity...

117. Leveraging infrasound detected by stations of the IMS network for estimating the characteristics of shock waves generated by large bolides

11/5/24, 3:10 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Theoretical models suggest that the infrasound signatures of bolides carry valuable information about their source, potentially revealing characteristics such as type and altitude of the shock. To fully exploit infrasound for characterizing bolides, it is imperative to have ground truth and accurate atmospheric conditions. However, dynamic atmospheric changes occurring over minutes to hours...

128. Analysis and identification of meteor signals detected by the IMS infrasound stations in South America

11/5/24, 3:20 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Celestial objects from space have long aroused curiosity and fear worldwide. According to NASA, scientists estimate that approximately 48.5 tons of meteoric material fall to Earth daily, penetrating the atmosphere at supersonic speeds, far exceeding the speed of sound. These outer space objects, which can be fragments of comets and asteroids, are referred to as meteoroids. The infrasound...

140. Relationships Between Thunderstorms and Lightning Activity in Florida.

11/5/24, 3:30 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

The U.S. state of Florida has a warm subtropical climate with mild winters and long, hot and humid summers that are characterized by intense thunderstorm activity. As a result, Florida is considered one of the most lightning prone regions in the U.S.A, with an annual average lightning flash density of around 35 flashes/km2/yr. In this study we use the infrasound data from the IRIS Data...

145. Infrasound Monitoring of volcanic activity Etna Volcano using IMS data in July 2024

11/5/24, 3:40 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Etna Volcano increased its activity in July 2024, and this was monitored by the International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound network. At NDC Iraq, we will present an analysis of data from Etna Volcano in Italy, using the IMS stations I48TN, I26DE, I42PT, and I11CV. This analysis will utilize the NDC-in-a-box tools and will focus on the events of July 2024. We used International Data Centre...

147. Low Frequency Acoustic Signals Detection of a Mine Explosive Blast Occurrence in Bogoso, Ghana

11/5/24, 3:50 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

An explosion occurred on 20 January 2022 in a suburb of Bogoso, in the Western part of Ghana. The blast was as a result of a collision between a truck transporting mine explosive materials with a motorcycle. The incident produced a major explosion in the surrounding areas which was observed by many residence and destroyed lives and property devastating the township. As a result, the blast...

148. Observed Infrasonic Signals of Auroral Electro Arcs Detections at I37NO Station in 2020

11/5/24, 4:00 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

In the polar latitudes regions, both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres of the Earth, one of the natural phenomena observed periodically is the occurrence of auroral displays in the sky. Low frequency signals are generated with the production of the auroral electrojet arcs in the atmosphere which are sensitive to microbarometer sensors of the infrasound array network when the wind direction...

151. Use of IMS Infrasound Stations for Earthquake Detection: Case Study of the February 6, 2023, Türkiye Earthquake.

11/5/24, 4:10 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

On February 6, 2023, a devastating earthquake occurred in a transcontinental area located between Europe and Asia, east of Nurdagi, in the Turkish province of Gaziantep, at an estimated depth of 24.1 kilometers. This earthquake caused damage to approximately 170,000 buildings. It is one of the largest earthquakes recorded in the region in over 100 years, with a magnitude of 7.8 Mw, resulting...

160. Infrasound monitoring in Kenya: Potential applications for Scientific and Civil application

11/5/24, 4:20 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Kenya is host to infrasound Station IS32 in Kenya. Infrasonic waves can be used for various purposes which include mining, control of deforestation, documentation of climate change issues such as heavy rains, high temperatures, and even human-wildlife conflict issues. This presentation gives results of the use of infrasound technology for these varied applications.

162. Identifying infrasound sources using nearby and co-located infrasound and seismic sensors

11/5/24, 4:30 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

An eight-station seismic network and a four-element infrasound array detected an uncategorized seismo-acoustic event in Sete Lagoas, a city in southeastern Brazil. The area contains quarries that frequently conduct unannounced explosions to extract limestone. The network and array were deployed to distinguish signals from these explosions and natural events, as tectonic activity occurs both...

110. Enhancing the detection capabilities of the Brasília Infrasound Station (IS09) for local and regional events

11/5/24, 4:40 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

The detection capability of infrasound stations with four-element arrays is limited by spatial aliasing for higher frequencies, causing erroneous frequency identification and signal distortion when sensor spacing is too large. The Brasília Infrasound Station (IS09) of the International Monitoring System, operated by the University of Brasília's Seismological Observatory, exemplifies this issue...

115. Improvement project for the infrasound station I17CI (Cote d’Ivoire) detections: increase from 4 to 8 sensors

11/5/24, 4:50 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

In CTBTO monitoring system (IMS), Côte d'Ivoire benefits from two (2) primary stations: seismic (PS15) and infrasound (I17CI) respectively for monitoring underground and airborne nuclear tests. Upgrading the infrasound station I17CI from 4 to 8 sensors is part of the CTBTO's medium-term objectives, which include upgrading the world's other infrasound stations. Thus, this research project is...

175. Learning Long-Range Infrasound Propagation Using Neural Operators

11/6/24, 9:55 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

Recent advances in machine learning have shown that neural networks can approximate operators through specialized architectures known as neural operators. In this work, we investigate the use of Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) to model the physics of infrasound propagation in randomly layered media, mapping sound speed fields to acoustic waveforms. This method is evaluated by predicting the...

143. Prediction of the Infrasound Transmission Loss Probabilities for New Station Deployment Using LSTM

11/6/24, 10:50 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

Infrasound propagation depends on the winds and temperature in the atmospheric column. These are highly variable, making it difficult to predict propagation conditions in the future based on those in the past. Recently, this problem has been addressed by studying the statistical properties of historical atmospheric profiles in order to generate statistical models for the signal propagation....

116. Quantifying Atmospheric Uncertainty and Detection Quality Impacts on Infrasonic Localization

11/6/24, 11:15 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

An event-specific localization for regional infrasonic analysis has recently been developed using a Bayesian statistical framework and time-reversed ray tracing methods. Auxiliary parameters previously introduced to solve the transport equation as well as identify eigenrays are used to map confidence in direction-of-arrival of detected signals into spatial and temporal variances in the...

129. Comparison of 2-D and 3-D finite-difference simulations for infrasound propagation in heterogeneous atmospheres

11/6/24, 11:40 AM

Modelling and Network Processing

oral

Modelling and Network Processing

Finite-difference methods are widely used to simulate infrasound propagation in the atmosphere. Flexibility of finite-difference scheme allows to implement highly heterogeneous media for sound propagation with complex source models. Full 3-D finite-difference methods have been utilized for local infrasound propagation with pronounced topography and showed that the 3-D nature of topography and...

132. The use of IDC bulletins in assessing of Romanian infrasound stations performance to detect coherent infrasound sources at near-regional distance

11/6/24, 1:30 PM

Data Processing and Station Performance

oral

Data Processing and Station Performance

Two infrasound stations are deployed on the Romanian territory: IPLOR 4-element array of 0.6 km aperture, and BURARI 6-element array of 0.7 km aperture. Infrasound data are processed and analyzed on routinely basis at NIEP by using infrasound detection-oriented software (DTK-GPMCC and DTK-DIVA) packaged into NDC-in-a-Box. This study focuses on the high frequency signals (above 1 Hz) detected...

172. Towards Improving Infrasound Station Data Availability with State-of-Health Encoded Feature Clustering

11/6/24, 1:55 PM

Data Processing and Station Performance

oral

Data Processing and Station Performance

Ensuring IMS station data availability is critically important to the mission of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban-Treaty Preparatory Commission Organization. Monitoring a wide range of state-of-health (SOH) metrics in the power system of an array can help maximize station uptime. The Wilson Alaska Technical Center of the University of Alaska Fairbanks is continuously working on techniques to...

146. Enhancing Infrasound Monitoring in South America through Automated Algorithms

11/6/24, 2:20 PM

Data Processing and Station Performance

oral

Data Processing and Station Performance

In this study, we focus on recent advancements in infrasound research and the operational capabilities of regional networks in South America. Our work involves developing an innovative algorithm using the ObsPy library and custom Python routines to enhance the analysis of infrasound data from the International Monitoring System (IMS) network. By applying techniques similar to Progressive...

111. Micrometeorological and anthropogenic effects on acoustic background noise levels

11/6/24, 3:00 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Acoustic networks often record background noise from both natural and man-made sources. Most of the time, wind and anthropogenic noise are higher during the day. A permanent acoustic network at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) captured background noise from a variety of sources over several months. These stations were deployed on canyon bottoms, hillsides, and mesas, each of which...

124. Deployment of a portable low-cost infrasound array on Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal

11/6/24, 3:10 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Two seismo-volcanic crises are ongoing on the Azores. A volcanic unrest on a fissural system begun on March 19, 2022, on a São Jorge Island. On June 24 seismicity increased in Santa Bárbara central volcano, on Terceira Island, followed by ground deformation. A portable four-element infrasound array (SJ1) was deployed on São Jorge Island in collaboration with the University of Florence....

142. Seismoacoustic Signals from Quarry Blasts at Eastern Helwan, 2022.

11/6/24, 3:20 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Although Seismometers are usually used for monitoring such these quarry blasts, a part of the explosion energy emits on atmosphere and make a clear remark for these surface explosions. A temporary infrasound array station with small aperture of 150 meter, was deployed in Helwan since May 2022. The array consisted of five infrasound sensors and one collocated seismometer.

In this study we...

168. Design and assembly of a low-cost experimental infrasound array for seismo-volcanic monitoring

11/6/24, 3:30 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

A seismo-volcanic crisis on Terceira Island led us to design and build a mobile low-cost experimental array, based on our previous experience of a successful collaborative deployment of an infrasound array from the University of Florence (UNIFI) on São Jorge Island, in April 2022.
We present the details of the design, the hardware and the assembly of a 6-element low-cost experimental array,...

176. Designs and performances of Wind Noise Reduction Systems and Vault Solutions for infrasound stations

11/6/24, 3:40 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Enviroearth has been manufacturing standardized Wind Noise Reduction System (WNRS) and vault solutions which are able meet all requirements and configuration for each of the infrasound stations topology of the IMS Network, thanks to continuous improvements to their designs and development of new features. This poster aims to present the wide range of WNRS and vaults Enviroearth can propose,...

180. Developing a Reliable Infrasound Early Warning System for Indonesia: Integrating Scattering Methods and Seismic Data

11/6/24, 3:50 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Indonesia, particularly prone to natural disasters like volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, landslide and earthquakes, requires a reliable early warning system.

This study introduces a new approach to develop an Infrasound Early Warning System (IEWS) for Indonesia by utilizing the scattering method and highlighting the essential need to have operational infrasound stations in Indonesia.

In...

113. Deploying a Portable Infrasound Station in Jordan: Enhancing SHI Monitoring and Preparedness

11/6/24, 4:00 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

The Dead Sea Transform Fault (DSTF) have historically produced seismic events, positioning Jordan as a crucial location for monitoring infrasound waves generated by both natural phenomena, Man-Made activities, including mining quarries.
This poster examines the feasibility and strategic importance of deploying a portable infrasound station in Jordan. The proposed station aims to augment the...

114. Infrasound sources in Jordan and Deploying Portable Infrasound Station

11/6/24, 4:10 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

In my presentation, I will show the sources of infrasound waves in Jordan. Many of earthquakes are recorded at Dead Sea transform fault .These earthquakes are considered main source of Infra- sound waves. The second source of infrasound waves is Phosphate mines which are located in the southeast part of Jordan. The other sources may be the explosions of WAR in Middle East. In addition,...

120. Enhanced NDC-NG Capability for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring

11/6/24, 4:20 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

The Nigerian NDC has struggled with a lack of qualified personnel and inadequate training, especially in data analysis. However, better utilization of IMS data and to support complementary nuclear explosion monitoring has resulted from increased capacity building. This study aims to analyze SHI data to ascertain the events recorded between 2000 and 2024. The seismic, infrasound, and...

139. IMS INFRASOUND STATION 132KE,MONITORING,PERFORMANCE AND DETECTION IMPROVEMENT

11/6/24, 4:30 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

The infrasound station I32KE installed in 2002 at Karura in Kenya, was composed of seven array elements equipped with 18-meter wind noise reducing system (WRNS). Each WRNS is supported by four rosettes of twenty-four inlet ports combined with galvanized pipes, brass summing manifolds and resonance suppressors. Despite high data availability, this system experienced data quality problems...

144. Repeatedly detected ambient noise at I30JP

11/6/24, 4:40 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

In ITW2022, the Romanian NDC analyzed data at the Romanian infrasound stations by DTK-GPMCC software and presented results of coherent infrasound noise. Their found that signals from artificial sources such as refineries and power plants, as well as natural sources such as microbaroms, were regularly detected. They plotted the detected signals by color-coding the trace velocity, with the...

149. Python Processing of an Infrasound mSeed File

11/6/24, 4:50 PM

Poster session

poster

Poster

Infrasound is known as very low frequencies that humans cannot hear but can be picked up or retrieved by sensors. It can be used to detect and verify different processes and phenomena that may be going on in the environment. This work focuses on creating data processing methods using Python to evaluate mSeed files from commercial off the shelf systems, such as the Raspberry Shake & Boom. This...

108. Towards Data-Adaptive Beamforming: Generalized Least Squares and other Subspace Methods

11/7/24, 9:55 AM

Data Processing and Station Performance

oral

Data Processing and Station Performance

Generalized least squares (GLS) beamforming is a method for determining the direction of arrival and trace velocity of transient infrasound signals that may be otherwise obscured by persistent, correlated background noise, such as microbaroms. This method complements the adaptive F-detector by using an estimate of the noise background to form a generalized power ratio, which is used to...

166. The Multi-Channel Maximum-Likelihood (MCML) method: extension to multisource estimation and evaluation

11/7/24, 10:20 AM

Data Processing and Station Performance

oral

Data Processing and Station Performance

We present a novel approach to the detection and parameter estimation of infrasonic signals: the Multi-Channel Maximum-Likelihood (MCML) method [https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac377]. MCML is based on the likelihood function derived from a multi-sensor stochastic model expressed in different frequency bands. Using the likelihood function, we determine, for the detection problem, the Generalized...

141. Characterization of an algerian fireball using local infrasound and seismic signals

11/7/24, 11:15 AM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

For the First time in Algeria, a fireball was characterized for the first time in Algeria using 14 seismic stations from the Algerian digital seismic network and two newly installed infrasound stations (Network in progress). The event occurred on the night of May 7, 2023, in an area not far southwest of the Algerian capital. Infrasound signals were employed to determine the location of the...

157. Characterization of the 2022 South Atlantic fireball using IMS infrasound recordings

11/7/24, 11:40 AM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

On 7 February 2022, a large meteoroid entered the Earth’s atmosphere around 500km off the coast of Namibia and South Africa. NASA’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) lists the event as a fireball with an impact energy of 7kt TNT equivalent. This energy estimate is about 60 times lower than for the 2013 Chelyabinsk fireball (440kt, CNEOS). For Chelyabinsk, IMS infrasound data...

112. Quantifying bolide energy through infrasound analysis: A case study of the 2023 Australian event

11/7/24, 1:30 PM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

Utilizing infrasound stations of the International Monitoring System (IMS) network has become increasingly prevalent over the past decade due to their ability to detect bolides. Infrasound data are often complemented by optical observations, providing essential ground truth information. We present infrasound detections of a bolide that exploded over Australia on 20 May 2023. The bolide entered...

158. Can we use infrasound data from bolides to constrain global celerity models?

11/7/24, 1:55 PM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

Global celerity and back azimuth deviation models are used within infrasound detection association and event location estimation algorithms. A previous study, InfGEM (Infrasound Global Empirical Models), used a database of ground-truth mine blasts and chemical explosions to derive a celerity-range model, using the arrival time of the maximum peak-to-trough amplitude to calculate celerity for...

118. Leveraging multi-station infrasound detections for characterization of high-altitude fireballs

11/7/24, 2:20 PM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

A rare class of meteoroids known as earthgrazers enter the atmosphere at shallow angles, with some returning to space after a brief hypersonic flight through the upper atmosphere. We present the detection and analysis of infrasound from a rare horizon-to-horizon earthgrazer event observed over northern Europe on September 22, 2020. The fireball generated ballistic shockwaves which were...

130. Infrasound signatures from powerful rocket launches for space missions

11/7/24, 3:25 PM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

Rocket launches are a source of infrasound detectable at infrasound arrays in thousands of kilometers distance. Recorded signatures originate from the ignition, launch, supersonic movement, stage separation and reentry of rockets within the first about 100 kilometers of altitude in the atmosphere. We use IMS infrasound data to localize and characterize rocket launches all over the world....

123. Infrasound detections of the OSIRIS-REx Sample Return Capsule re-entry

11/7/24, 3:50 PM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

On 24 September 2023, NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission achieved a significant milestone by successfully returning particles from a nearby asteroid to Earth via a Sample Return Capsule (SRC). The SRC generated shock waves as it entered the atmosphere, traversing California, Nevada and Utah before landing at the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR). Since SRCs are well-characterized objects with known...

150. Regional infrasound detections of the Osiris Rex capsule re-entry

11/7/24, 4:15 PM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

In a recent paper, Phil Blom et al. [JASA 155 (3), March 2024] developed
a method to predict regional infrasound originating from supersonic sources. These results were integrated into InfraGA, LANL’s infrasound ray-tracing library. The September 2023 re-entry of the OSIRIS-Rex capsule presented an excellent opportunity to test these results against a known source. Three arrays were deployed...

121. Infrasound signals likely to be excited by submarine volcanic activity around Tori-shima in the Izu-Bonin islands arc on 8th October 2023.

11/8/24, 9:30 AM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

Last autumn, small-scale events have occurred near Tori-shima, in the Izu-Bonin Islands arc, located about 600 km south of Tokyo. At least 14 T-phases were observed at seismic stations around Tori-shima between 19:00 and 21:30 UTC on 8th October 2023. These T-phases were estimated to have been caused by the events whose hypocenters were determined by the US Geological Survey to be near...

178. IMS-based probing of the polar cap stratosphere: regime identification, altitude sensitivities, and contributions from different stations

11/8/24, 9:55 AM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

There is evidence from previous works that global ambient noise infrasound data recorded on by the IMS station network are highly sensitive to the stratospheric polar vortex and its regimes.

Vorobeva et al. (2024) used a data-driven approach to map between microbarom-band array signal processing output from the three northernmost IMS infrasound stations and the ERA5 re-analysis polar cap...

179. Investigating the subsurface using earthquake-generated infrasound

11/8/24, 10:50 AM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

The deployment of ground-based seismic or infrasound instruments can be complex and costly in remote regions on Earth, or in harsh environments like the surface of Venus. Recent studies have demonstrated that as an alternative, balloon platforms can be used to monitor seismic activity from the atmosphere, at a comparably low operational cost. Such balloons carry pressure sensors and can record...

169. Estimating Crustal Velocity Structure in Alaska from Acoustic-to- Seismic Coupling from the 2022 Hunga, Tonga Eruption

11/8/24, 11:15 AM

Sources and Scientific Applications

oral

Sources and Scientific Applications

The 2022 climactic eruption of the Hunga volcano in the Kingdom of Tonga generated broadband acoustic waves observed over 10,000 kilometers away on pressure and seismic sensors in Alaska. The arrival of high-amplitude acoustic energy at a regional network of colocated sensors provides a unique opportunity to examine acoustic-to-seismic coupling and use these observations to estimate crustal...

187. The International Monitoring System Infrasound Network: current status and existing challenges.

11/8/24, 1:00 PM

PTS Infrasound Technology Projects

oral

IMS updates

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban-Treaty (CTBT) International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound network consists of 60 facilities distributed worldwide. In approximately 25 years, 88% of the network was build and certified, highlighting its relevance both in nuclear test monitoring and in civil and scientific applications.
The Provisional Technical Secretariat (PTS) of the Comprehensive...

189. SSI hardware recent developments

11/8/24, 1:25 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

IMS updates

There have been recent developments in the SSI software, including its operability on the Linux Rocky 8 Operating System, and this has been paired with the need for adopting a new generation of computers. These developments have been dictated both by the progressive obsolescence of the existing computer models installed at the IMS facilities and by the limitations in performance derived from...

188. Quality assurance for IMS measurements: Insights from the 2023 Science and Technology Conference

11/8/24, 1:50 PM

Measurement Systems

oral

IMS updates

Since 2011, the PTS for the CTBTO has collaborated with the global community to establish a robust Quality Assurance (QA) framework for IMS measurements, with special focus on infrasound technology. These efforts have resulted in notable progress with setting standards and refining calibration methodologies, as evidenced by discussions and presentations provided during the CTBTO Science and...

181. A new method for regional infrasound events auto-association and scanner

Poster session

poster

Poster

This paper proposes an automatic correlation and scanning method for regional infrasound events. The correlation rules of infrasound networks in different regions and the effective monitoring areas of specific infrasound networks are determined. The multi-features including signal amplitude, frequency, correlation coefficient ，travel time and signal azimuth interval of different infrasound...