This study aims to identify the variety of NORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material) radionuclides in the Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency, Pasar Jumat, South Jakarta, Indonesia, along with the concentration levels received by workers and to see the influence of radionuclides from countries outside Indonesia during 2023. Air sampling using the...
Noble gas monitoring systems are used in the International Monitoring System (IMS) for the verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). They monitor the atmosphere for traces of radioxenon released by clandestine nuclear weapon tests. Radioargon is used as a complementary tracer during on-site inspections to look for underground tests. Efficient collection and purification...
The INL Noble Gas Laboratory provides intercomparison samples for the noble gas analysis laboratories as part of the International Monitoring System. Xe-133m is one of the four relevant radionuclides in nuclear explosion monitoring. Without commercially available Xe-133m calibration standards laboratories must create and improve calibration methods. Improvements in calibration methods at the...
The authors put forward a hypothesis that when independent organizations in Country N carry out nuclear/high-tech-related developments, a basis for a network of intellectual property clusters is created. When reviewed separately, they do not raise additional doubts about their end use potential. However, such clusters collectively create prerequisites for acquiring technologies for creating...
In 2011, the Fukushima nuclear disaster was a big accident and the approximate cause is the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. In the days after the accident, radiation was released into the atmosphere and water, and caesium was detected at IMS particulate stations. Caesium (Cs) is a chemical element in the periodic table with atomic number 55 and 40 known isotopes. This study presents the...
The northeast monsoon (NEM) is an annual natural phenomenon in Malaysia, typically occurring from October to March. During this period, strong winds driven by two significant surges — the easterly surge and the meridional surge — bring heavy rainfall, often leading to severe flooding that can result in property damage and casualties. This study utilizes eight years of data (2011–2018) from...
The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), established to prohibit all nuclear test explosions, stands as a pivotal framework in the global disarmament and non-proliferation regime. However, while the treaty has earned considerable support internationally, this three Signatory Non-Annex 2 States have yet to ratify it, raising questions about the underlying reasons for this delay. In...
Since 2004, a unique underground geophysical laboratory has been equipped at the Baksan Neutrino Observatory (BNO) at a distance of about 4 km from the mouth of the tunnel. A complex of scientific equipment was installed in the laboratory, which allows continuous studies of fluid activity, deformation processes, weak seismicity, as well as studying temperature anomalies within the Elbrus...
Effective emergency preparedness in nuclear accidents requires understanding the observed radionuclide background, which the African continent is rarely studied for this purpose. This has made it necessary to evaluate the regional radiological baseline data that could be used for radiation impact assessment. The study fills this gap by cataloguing and monitoring radionuclides as detected by...
During the rainy season in Costa Rica there are problems with satellite communications. This is due to the large amount of rain and bad weather conditions. It is analysed as follows: the frequencies used in a VSAT with the International Data Centre (IDC) are between 4.172GHz to 4.174GHz and between 6.397 and 6.399GHz. Using the formula, we can find that the
wavelength of these frequencies are...
This work presents the results obtained from the use of geological and geophysical techniques for the identification of large unstable regions, and can be used in on-site inspections within the framework of cooperation and knowledge exchange of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). Deep-seated gravitational slope deformations are slow and of great volume. The analyzed case is a...
